Grinnell : America's environmental pioneer and his restless drive to save the West /

Enhanced descriptions from Syndetics:

George Bird Grinnell, the son of a New York merchant, saw a different future for a nation in the thrall of the Industrial Age. With railroads scarring virgin lands and the formerly vast buffalo herds decimated, the country faced a crossroads: Could it pursue Manifest Destiny without destroying its natural bounty and beauty? The alarm that Grinnell sounded would spark America's conservation movement. Yet today his name has been forgotten--an omission that John Taliaferro's commanding biography now sets right with historical care and narrative flair.



Grinnell was born in Brooklyn in 1849 and grew up on the estate of ornithologist John James Audubon. Upon graduation from Yale, he dug for dinosaurs on the Great Plains with eminent paleontologist Othniel C. Marsh--an expedition that fanned his romantic notion of wilderness and taught him a graphic lesson in evolution and extinction. Soon he joined George A. Custer in the Black Hills, helped to map Yellowstone, and scaled the peaks and glaciers that, through his labors, would become Glacier National Park. Along the way, he became one of America's most respected ethnologists; seasons spent among the Plains Indians produced numerous articles and books, including his tour de force, The Cheyenne Indians: Their History and Ways of Life.



More than a chronicler of natural history and indigenous culture, Grinnell became their tenacious advocate. He turned the sportsmen's journal Forest and Stream into a bully pulpit for wildlife protection, forest reserves, and national parks. In 1886, his distress over the loss of bird species prompted him to found the first Audubon Society. Next, he and Theodore Roosevelt founded the Boone and Crockett Club to promote "fair chase" of big game. His influence among the rich and the patrician provided leverage for the first federal legislation to protect migratory birds--a precedent that ultimately paved the way for the Endangered Species Act. And in an era when too many white Americans regarded Native Americans as backwards, Grinnell's cries for reform carried from the reservation, through the halls of Congress, all the way to the White House.



Drawing on forty thousand pages of Grinnell's correspondence and dozens of his diaries, Taliaferro reveals a man whose deeds and high-mindedness earned him a lustrous peerage, from presidents to chiefs, Audubon to Aldo Leopold, John Muir to Gifford Pinchot, Edward S. Curtis to Edward H. Harriman. Throughout his long life, Grinnell was bound by family and sustained by intimate friendships, toggling between the East and the West. As Taliaferro's enthralling portrait demonstrates, it was this tension that wound Grinnell's nearly inexhaustible spring and honed his vision--a vision that still guides the imperiled future of our national treasures.

Table of contents provided by Syndetics

• Maps (p. xiv)
• A Note on Names (p. xv)
• Introduction: Evolution and Extinction (p. 1)
• Part 1 Boy Hunter (1849-1876)
• Chapter 1 Audubon Park (p. 17)
• Chapter 2 Member of the Class (p. 38)
• Chapter 3 The Yale Expedition (p. 43)
• Chapter 4 A Wild Gallop (p. 59)
• Chapter 5 The Black Hills (p. 75)
• Chapter 6 A Nation's Park (p. 84)
• Part 2 Natural Historian (1876-1886)
• Chapter 7 Age of Surprises (p. 103)
• Chapter 8 Thorough Sportsman (p. 112)
• Chapter 9 No Tenderfoot He (p. 123)
• Chapter 10 Dear Partner (p. 137)
• Part 3 Preservation, Reservation (1886-1807)
• Chapter 11 The Audubon Society (p. 149)
• Chapter 12 The Rock Climbers (p. 156)
• Chapter 13 Fair Chase (p. 167)
• Chapter 14 Ghost Dance (p. 180)
• Chapter 15 Sacred Range (p. 190)
• Chapter 16 Standing Menace (p. 196)
• Chapter 17 The Ceded Strip (p. 211)
• Chapter 18 A Plank (p. 228)
• Chapter 19 Diverse Voices (p. 242)
• Part 4 American Anthropologist (1897-1902)
• Chapter 20 Eclipse of Memory (p. 255)
• Chapter 21 The Alaska Expedition (p. 269)
• Chapter 22 Indians of To-day (p. 286)
• Chapter 23 Winning of the West (p. 295)
• Part 5 Mr. and Mrs. Grinnell (1902-1911)
• Chapter 24 The Captured Woman (p. 309)
• Chapter 25 Temporary Sojourners (p. 327)
• Chapter 26 Pulverizing Engine (p. 348)
• Chapter 27 Stuyvesant Square (p. 370)
• Part 6 Principled Pragmatist (1911-1919)
• Chapter 28 Break the Old Habit (p. 385)
• Chapter 29 Undue Destruction (p. 402)
• Chapter 30 Fighting Cheyennes (p. 413)
• Chapter 31 The National Park Service (p. 430)
• Part 7 Gray Guardian (1919-1938)
• Chapter 32 All This Better Work (p. 455)
• Chapter 33 A Complex Life (p. 478)
• Chapter 34 Melting Rapidly (p. 496)
• Chapter 35 A Strong Strand (p. 513)
• Epilogue: Do More Good (p. 517)
• Acknowledgments (p. 521)
• Notes (p. 525)
• Bibliography (p. 559)
• Illustration Credits (p. 583)
• Index (p. 587)

Reviews provided by Syndetics

Library Journal Review

Brooklyn-born George Bird Grinnell (1849-1938) was an ethnographer, explorer, entrepreneur, and editor of Forest and Stream magazine, along with being a naturalist and, for a short time, a rancher. Taliaferro (All the Great Prizes) explains Grinnell's early influences, including teacher "Minnie" Audubon (widow of John James) and George Armstrong Custer. As a naturalist, Grinnell made several trips west, with Montana a favorite destination. His many involvements and successes in conservation include founding the first national Audubon Club, partnering with Theodore Roosevelt to create the Boone and Crockett Club, rallying support for protection of Yellowstone's wildlife, and advocating for the creation of Glacier National Park. Taliaferro masterfully attends to the long, busy arc of his subject's life, scouring some 40,000 pages of Grinnell's letters, numerous diaries, and travelogs, years of Forest and Stream articles, plus his monographs to create a satisfying portrait. The reader's reward is a sense of nature, native culture, and landscapes as viewed through an observant explorer's eyes, at the moment when Westward expansion was irrevocably changing it. VERDICT This richly detailed biography will engage students of environmental history and general readers alike.-Robert Eagan, Windsor P.L., Ont. © Copyright 2019. Library Journals LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Media Source, Inc. No redistribution permitted.

Publishers Weekly Review

Taliaferro (Great White Fathers), a former senior editor at Newsweek, delivers an impressive, eminently readable biography of the great conservationist George Bird Grinnell (1849-1938). In rendering a life that was "a study in romanticism, evolution, and progressivism," Taliaferro meticulously draws from 40,000 pages of correspondence, about 50 diaries and notebooks covering Grinnell's travels, 35 years of articles and editorials from his magazine, Forest and Stream, and Grinnell's many books, including the history The Fighting Cheyennes, seven novels for boys, and an unfinished autobiography. Grinnell lived on the East Coast, in New York State and Connecticut, but he lived for the West. In addition to bestowing his name, "in a rare breach of modesty," on a glacier and a lake in Montana, Grinnell formed the Audubon Society, cofounded the Boone and Crockett Club with Theodore Roosevelt, and "midwifed" Glacier National Park, while helping protect Yosemite and Yellowstone from developers. He just missed being among the dead at Little Big Horn, yet listened intently to Native Americans throughout his life and lobbied for them in Washington, D.C. Anyone who's ever set foot in a national park and wondered how it came to be will find an important part of the answer in this expansive look at an equally expansive life. (July) © Copyright PWxyz, LLC. All rights reserved.

Booklist Review

Although his fame was later eclipsed by that of such naturalists as John Muir and Aldo Leopold, Brooklyn native George Bird Grinnell (1849-1938) had a tremendous influence on conservation in his time, almost single-handedly rescuing the American buffalo from extinction and protecting Yosemite and Yellowstone from meddlesome poachers and developers. Taliaferro (All the Great Prizes, 2013) proves equal to the challenge of singing Grinnell's long overdue praises in this sweeping account of his life and many lasting accomplishments. Although Grinnell barely completed his degree at Yale in 1870, a stray opportunity to go bone hunting with one of his palaeontology professors ignited a lifelong passion for wilderness pursuits, which led to his editing Forest and Stream magazine and spending time with Plains Indian tribes. Grinnell also played a huge role in establishing Glacier National Park, where a glacier bears his name. Taliaferro's work has all the earmarks of a first-rate biography: colorful anecdotes, cameos of the many famous people Grinnell rubbed elbows with, and absorbing prose that will inspire reader admiration for this often overlooked but important environmental hero.--Carl Hays Copyright 2019 Booklist

Kirkus Book Review

A biography of a 19th-century naturalist who worked tirelessly on behalf of America's wilderness and Native American rights.Beginning in 1870, with his first trip west, George Bird Grinnell (1849-1938) evolved into one of the most prominent conservationists in America, a friend of Theodore Roosevelt, John Muir, and many native tribal leaders. He campaigned to establish national parks, the Audubon Society, and the New York Zoological Society; edited the long-running journal Forest and Stream; founded the Boone and Crockett Club, whose mission it was to preserve large game; and published many ethnographies of Plains tribes. Drawing on 40,000 pages of correspondence, 50 diaries and notebooks, and an unfinished autobiography, Taliaferro (All the Great Prizes: The Life of John Hay, from Lincoln to Roosevelt, 2013, etc.) thoroughlyand with due admirationdocuments the life of "a man of worthy causes." He acknowledges, however, the limitations of his sources: "Possibly Grinnell was simply too busy and proper to indulge in self-reflection. Or was there something he wanted to avoid reflecting upon?" Although the author hints at "secrets," he reveals little about Grinnell's intimate relationships with friends and family, including his wife, whom he suddenly married in 1902. A photographer, she energetically accompanied him on his trips west, where he exulted in freedom from the commercial world of New York and experienced the "magnificent drama" of events such as the Pawnee buffalo hunt: "the most momentous, the most defining experience" of Grinnell's life. "There is something rather horrible in the wild and savage excitement that one feels under such circumstances," he said of another hunt. Taliaferro portrays Grinnell evenhandedly as a man of his time: Seeing the oppression suffered by Native Americans, Grinnell urged recognition that they "are humans like ourselves"; still, he "hewed to the prevailing anthropological wisdom that Indians were only midway up the ladder from savagery to civilization." Grinnell's life, Taliaferro aptly concludes, "was a study in romanticism, evolution, and progressivism."A fine biography of a significant environmental champion. Copyright Kirkus Reviews, used with permission.

Author notes provided by Syndetics

John Taliaferro is a graduate of Harvard College, a former senior editor at Newsweek, and the author of five previous books, including All the Great Prizes, winner of the Douglas Dillon Award. He lives in Texas and Montana.