The princess and the prophet : the secret history of magic, race, and Moorish Muslims in America

Title:

Author:

Dorman, Jacob S., 1974- author.

ISBN:

9780807067260

Personal Author:

Dorman, Jacob S., 1974- author.

Publication Information:

Boston : Beacon Press, 2020.

Physical Description:

311 pages, 16 unnumbered pages of plates : illustrations ; 24 cm

Abstract:

"How the circuses, dance halls, and midways of the Gilded Age provided the cultural ferment and freedom that led to the creation of the Black Muslim movement in America"-- Provided by publisher.

Subject Term:

Black Muslims.

African Americans -- Religion.

Amusements -- United States -- History.

Genre:

History.

Document ID:

SD_ILS:2346211

Holds: Copies:

Available:*

Library	Collection	Collection	Call Number	Status
Searching... Fig Garden Branch (Fresno Co.)	Searching... Unknown	Non-fiction Area	297.87 DOR	Searching... Unknown
Searching... Gillis Branch Library (Fresno Co.)	Searching... Unknown	Non-fiction Area	297.87 DOR	Searching... Unknown
Searching... Merced Main Library (Merced Co.)	Searching... Unknown	Non-Fiction	297.87 DOR	Searching... Unknown
Searching... Visalia Library (Tulare Co.)	Searching... Unknown	Non-Fiction Area	297.87 DOR	Searching... Unknown
Searching... West Fresno Branch (Fresno Co.)	Searching... Unknown	Non-fiction Area	297.87 DOR	Searching... Unknown

The just-discovered story of how two enigmatic circus performers and the cultural ferment of the Gilded Age sparked the Black Muslim movement in America

Delving into new archives and uncovering fascinating biographical narratives, secret rituals, and hidden identities, historian Jacob Dorman explains why thousands of Americans were enthralled by the Islamic Orient, and why some came to see Islam as a global antiracist movement uniquely suited to people of African descent in an era of European imperialism, Jim Crow segregation, and officially sanctioned racism.

The Princess and the Prophet tells the story of the Black Broadway performer who, among the world of Arabian acrobats and equestrians, Muslim fakirs, and Wild West shows, discovered in Islam a greater measure of freedom and dignity, and a rebuttal to the racism and parochialism of white America. Overturning the received wisdom that the prophet was born on the East Coast, Dorman has discovered that Noble Drew Ali was born Walter Brister in Kentucky. With the help of his wife, a former lion tamer and "Hindoo" magician herself, Brister renamed himself Prophet Noble Drew Ali and founded the predecessor of the Nation of Islam, the Moorish Science Temple of America, in the 1920s.

With an array of profitable businesses, the "Moors" built a nationwide following of thousands of dues-paying members, swung Chicago elections, and embedded themselves in Chicago's dominant Republican political machine at the height of Prohibition racketeering, only to see their sect descend into infighting in 1929 that likely claimed the prophet's life. This fascinating untold story reveals that cultures grow as much from imagination as inheritance, and that breaking down the artificial silos around various racial and religious cultures helps to understand not only America's hidden past but also its polycultural present.

Author Notes

Jacob S. Dorman is a professor of History and Core Humanities at the University of Nevada, Reno. He is the author of the CHOICE Outstanding Academic Title Chosen People: The Rise of American Black Israelite Religions (Oxford University Press, 2013), which won numerous book prizes. Dorman has been awarded fellowships by the National Endowment for the Humanities, the American Council of Learned Societies, the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, Columbia University, the University of Chicago, and many others.

Reviews (5)

Publisher's Weekly Review

Dorman (Chosen People), a professor of history at the University of Nevada, combines a picaresque account of the enigmatic John Walter Brister with a kaleidoscopic history of the origins of the Nation of Islam in this complicated history that argues the Nation of Islam grew out of the Moorish Science Temple of America. Brister was a black child musician in the late 19th century; he went on to perform as the "Hindoo Wonder Worker" and "Egyptian Adept" in circuses, before becoming the self-proclaimed prophet Noble Drew Ali. Dorman asserts that Brister-as-Ali realized America was enchanted with "Orientalism" as he performed magic shows in the guise of a Hindu, and persuasively argues that Ali used this interest in exotic ancestry as a way to appeal to descendants of slaves. He championed trading African identities for Moorish, or Arab, ones that were more agreeable to white audiences. Against the backdrop of Chicago's Jazz Age, Dorman tracks Ali's founding, along with his lion-tamer and snake-charmer wife, Eva, of the Temple as a formal Muslim fraternity, whose core members went on to create the Nation of Islam. While Dorman often gets bogged down in a litany of names and dates, this remains a remarkable study. (Mar.)

Kirkus Review

A corrective portrait of an early-20th-century chameleon who became an influential Muslim leader.In this dense social history, Dorman (History and Core Humanities/Univ. of Nevada; Chosen People: The Rise of American Black Israelite Religions, 2013) takes a largely nonjudgmental view of Noble Drew Ali (1886-1929), the controversial founder of the Moorish Science Temple of America, a forerunner of the Nation of Islam. Despite the author's evenhanded approach, Ali emerges as a con artist of unusual audacity. In a prodigious feat of detective work, Dorman discovered that Ali was actually the circus magician Walter Brister, who faked his death in 1914 with the help of his wife, Eva, only to reappear years later and establish the Moorish Science Temple in Chicago. Styling himself as the Prophet Noble Drew Ali and Eva as the Grand Sheikess, he claimed to be the reincarnation of Muhammad and preached that black Americans "were in fact Asiatics of Islamic Moorish descent." He flouted the law repeatedly: He had four wives simultaneously and was arrested for statutory rape, practicing medicine without a license, and the murder of an associate (a charge he beat, possibly by bribing the police). He made enough enemies that his death, officially attributed to tuberculosis and other causes, led some people to suspect he'd been poisoned. Dorman devotes much space to the antecedents of "Moorish Science"e.g., Freemasonry, the Shriners, and "Orientalist tropes" like haremswhich makes for a slow-paced narrative but one with a deep social context. He also finds Ali's legacy in the fezzes worn by some rappers and in other pop-cultural outcroppings. At the end, he concludes that even if all the allegations about his subject are true, "there was something noble about Noble Drew Ali." Given that Ali was credibly accused of murder and child rape, the special pleading suggests that the author stumbled into the biographer's trap of falling in love with a subject who requires the clearer eye he shows elsewhere in the book.A flawed yet erudite narrative about the founder of a precursor of the Nation of Islam. Copyright Kirkus Reviews, used with permission.

Booklist Review

While most Americans are familiar with the Nation of Islam, the story of its antecedent, the Moorish Science Temple, founded by a Black performer on Broadway who became Prophet Noble Drew Ali, is less well known. Opened in Chicago in 1925, Moorish Science had much in common with such white secret societies as the Shriners and Masons, with its emphasis on mystical, faux Oriental rituals. Yet for African Americans, the appeal was less about magic than about racial pride and anticolonialism. In the face of intense white racism, Ali gave African Americans a noble origin story, reenvisioning his people as Moors, an Asiatic race with a glorious past and a revolutionary future. He had reinvented himself, as well, from a child performer in a pickaninny band to a Hindoo magician in a Wild West show, who then, according to Dorman, faked his own death and reemerged as an Islamist healer and prophet. Ali's genius was in blending the craze for Orientalism and Muslim religious trappings with anti-imperialism and the self-reliance ethos of Marcus Garvey. Moorish Science gave its Black members a sense of cultural pride, community, and political power. Two of Ali's acolytes, Wallace Fard and Elijah Poole, developed these concepts into the Nation of Islam. A fascinating work of historical reinterpretation.--Lesley Williams Copyright 2020 Booklist

Choice Review

Dorman (Univ. of Nevada, Reno) relates how Islam produced an expression of freedom in the US consistent with an American understanding of openness to the rest of the world. More specifically, he recounts how the self-titled Prophet Noble Drew Ali, born Walter Brister in Kentucky according to Dorman, founded the Moorish Science Temple of America, a forerunner of the Nation of Islam and similar in some ways to Christian Science, in 1925. The founding coincided with the growth of New Thought religion as an alternative or scientific movement as theological impulses became established in the second decade of the 20th century. The prose here is telling in that the character of prophecy is assumed rather than argued; thus, the work can be understood from a faith perspective. In addition to Brister's unique personality, readers may well enjoy his distinctive entertainment career, along with that of his wife, Princess Sotanki, who was a dancer, lion tamer, and snake-handling magician. Many readers will also delight in learning about the "Moors" who successfully ran profitable businesses; built a nation-wide, dues-paying following; and became deal makers in Chicago's Republican "machine politics" during Prohibition. Summing Up: Recommended. General readers through faculty; professionals. --G. Mick Smith, Smith Consulting

Library Journal Review

Dorman (history & core humanities, Univ. of Nevada, Reno; Chosen People) explores the roots of Moorish Science Temple of America (MSTA), along the way questioning the conventional trajectory of Gilded Age influences. After outlining temple founder Walter Brister's early life, Dorman details how Brister adopted the name Noble Drew Ali and established the MSTA in the early 20th century. The narrative follows the fortunes and misfortunes of Ali and his wife, Princess Sotanki, as they set the standards for American-Muslim culture. Along the way, the couple continued to leverage Chicago's political machine to wield wealth and power, leaving a long-standing influence on Chicago politics. Dorman suggests that African American notions of Islam were not directly inherited from enslaved people of Muslim descent as often assumed, but were a result of American ideas of the so-called Orient as well as the African American culture of the early 20th century. The final chapter touches on Ali's legacy as it pertains to both MSTA and the Nation of Islam. VERDICT A captivating reinterpretation of Muslim-American heritage. Spanning religion, history, and sociology, this will appeal to readers across these subjects.--Muhammed Hassanali, Shaker Heights, OH

Introduction Organic Mosaics	p. 1
Chapter 1 Old Kentucky	p. 15
Chapter 2 Oriental Magic	p. 23
Chapter 3 Muslim Masons	p. 47
Chapter 4 Imperial Inferno	p. 67
Chapter 5 Hindoo Magic	p. 75
Chapter 6 White Tops	p. 85
Chapter 7 Death Dance	p. 99
Chapter 8 Professor Drew	p. 123
Chapter 9 Chicago Rackets	p. 143
Chapter 10 Black Mecca	p. 155
Chapter 11 Power Brokers	p. 169
Chapter 12 Moorish Science	p. 181
Chapter 13 Machine Politics	p. 203
Chapter 14 Moorish Factions	p. 215
Chapter 15 Chicago Justice	p. 231
Epilogue The Bridge	p. 247
Acknowledgments	p. 259
Image Credits	p. 265
Notes	p. 267
Index	p. 297

Available:*

Bound With These Titles

On Order

Summary